380 lines
15 KiB
HTML
380 lines
15 KiB
HTML
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<title>Templates | Documentation | Lektor Static Content Management System</title>
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<li><a href="../">Welcome</a></li>
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<li><a href="../what/">What is Lektor</a>
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<li><a href="../installation/">Installation</a>
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<li><a href="../content/">Content</a>
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<li class="active"><a href="./">Templates</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="urls/">URLs and Links</a>
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<li><a href="navigation/">Navigation</a>
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<li><a href="imageops/">Image Operations</a>
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<li><a href="../themes/">Themes</a>
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<li><a href="../models/">Data Modelling</a>
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<li><a href="../cli/">Command Line</a>
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</ul>
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<div class="visible-md-block visible-lg-block">
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<h4>This Page</h4>
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<ul class="toc">
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<li><a href="#template-folder-and-naming">Template Folder and Naming</a></li>
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<li><a href="#template-context">Template Context</a></li>
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<li><a href="#the-first-template">The First Template</a></li>
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<li><a href="#layout-templates">Layout Templates</a></li>
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<li><a href="#everything-about-templates">Everything about Templates</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="col-sm-9 doc-styling">
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<h1>Templates</h1>
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<ul class=page-meta>
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</ul>
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<p>Lektor uses the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/" class="ext">Jinja2</a> templating language for
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generating HTML out of your pages. You do not need to understand Jinja2 to
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be able to generate beautiful websites but if you want to dive deep into the
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powers of the templating language then you can learn more about it by
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reading the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs" class="ext">Jinja2 Documentation</a>.</p>
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<div class="admonition admonition-info"><p>Templates are a very powerful component in Lektor. A lot of documentation
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about the features of it can be found in the <a href="http://jinja.pocoo.org/docs" class="ext">Jinja2 Documentation</a> as well as the <a href="../api/templates/" class="ext">Lektor Template API
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Documentation</a>.</p></div><h2 id="template-folder-and-naming">Template Folder and Naming</h2><p>All templates are stored within the <code>templates/</code> folder. Templates typically
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carry a <code>.html</code> extension. The default naming convention which is used in
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Lektor is that the template name matches the model name.</p>
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<p>So if you have a model called <code>page</code> there would be a template named
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<code>page.html</code>. Pages can however manually force a different template to be
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rendered.</p>
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<h2 id="template-context">Template Context</h2><p>When a template is rendered it's rendered in the context of a few variables.
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Which ones are available often depends on the situation the template is
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evaluated in but the following are always available:</p>
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<table>
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<thead><tr>
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<th>Variable</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><code>this</code></td>
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<td>The current <a href="../api/db/record/" class="ref">Record</a> that is being rendered.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>site</code></td>
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<td>The database <a href="../api/db/pad/" class="ref">Pad</a> that can be used to query the site.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>alt</code></td>
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<td>A string that identifies the <a href="../content/alts/" class="ref">Alternative</a> of the page.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><code>config</code></td>
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<td>Gives access to the Lektor project configuration.</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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<h2 id="the-first-template">The First Template</h2><p>So let's dive in making our first template. In case you went through the
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<a href="../quickstart/" class="ref">Quickstart</a> you should already have an example model
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to work with called <code>page</code>, otherwise just add one with the format shown
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in the <a href="../models/" class="ref">Data Modelling Documentation</a>.</p>
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<p>With that we can create a page template named <code>templates/page.html</code>:</p>
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<div class="hll"><pre><span></span><span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">extends</span> <span class="s2">"layout.html"</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
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<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">block</span> <span class="nv">title</span> <span class="cp">%}{{</span> <span class="nv">this.title</span> <span class="cp">}}{%</span> <span class="k">endblock</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
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<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">block</span> <span class="nv">body</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span><span class="cp">{{</span> <span class="nv">this.title</span> <span class="cp">}}</span><span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h2</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="cp">{{</span> <span class="nv">this.body</span> <span class="cp">}}</span>
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<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">endblock</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
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</pre></div>
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<p>If you are unfamiliar with Jinja this template might look very confusing, but
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worry not. We will go through it step by step.</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>{%</code> starts a Jinja section and <code>%}</code> ends it</li>
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<li><code>extends</code> is a tag that instructs Jinja to extend another template. In
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this case we extend our layout template. We will create this next.</li>
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<li><code>block</code> creates or updates a block from the layout template. In this case
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we have two blocks: one for the <code>title</code> of the page and another one for
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the <code>body</code>.</li>
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<li><code>{{</code> prints a variable and <code>}}</code> is the end of the print part. We do not
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need to worry about escaping here as Jinja2 does that automatically for
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us.</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="layout-templates">Layout Templates</h2><p>So we have this page template now, but what about this layout? Jinja2
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supports template inheritance where one template can inherit code from
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another. In this case we configured our page template to inherit from
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<code>layout.html</code>. Let's create it:</p>
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<div class="hll"><pre><span></span><span class="cp"><!doctype html></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">meta</span> <span class="na">charset</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"utf-8"</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span><span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">block</span> <span class="nv">title</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>Welcome<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">endblock</span> <span class="cp">%}</span> — My Website<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">title</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>My Website<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">h1</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">></span>
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Navigation can go here.
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<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">nav</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">header</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"><</span><span class="nt">div</span> <span class="na">class</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">"page"</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="cp">{%</span> <span class="k">block</span> <span class="nv">body</span> <span class="cp">%}{%</span> <span class="k">endblock</span> <span class="cp">%}</span>
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<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">></span>
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<span class="p"></</span><span class="nt">body</span><span class="p">></span>
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</pre></div>
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<p>I hope you can see how the blocks work together now when template inheritance
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is involved.</p>
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<h2 id="everything-about-templates">Everything about Templates</h2><p>Templates are the bread and butter of creating expressive websites with
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Lektor. As such this is one of the most complex topics in the documentation
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and split into smaller parts. Feel free to experiment around to see what
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you can do with it.</p>
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<div class="child-pages nocontent">
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-md-6 child">
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<h4>
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<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-list-alt"></i>
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<a href="urls/">URLs and Links</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="summary">Explains how to manage URLs and links in templates.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="col-md-6 child">
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<h4>
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<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-list-alt"></i>
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<a href="navigation/">Navigation</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="summary">Shows how to create a dynamic navigation with Lektor.</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="row">
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<div class="col-md-6 child">
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<h4>
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<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-list-alt"></i>
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<a href="imageops/">Image Operations</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="summary">Shows how templates can work with images.</p>
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</div>
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<div class="col-md-6 child">
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<h4>
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<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-list-alt"></i>
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<a href="videoops/">Video Operations</a>
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</h4>
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<p class="summary">Shows how templates can work with videos</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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