326 lines
13 KiB
HTML
326 lines
13 KiB
HTML
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<title>URLs and Slugs | Documentation | Lektor Static Content Management System</title>
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<li><a href="../../">Welcome</a></li>
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<li><a href="../../what/">What is Lektor</a>
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<li><a href="../../installation/">Installation</a>
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<li><a href="../">Content</a>
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<ul>
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<li><a href="../alts/">Alternatives</a>
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<li><a href="../attachments/">Attachments</a>
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<li><a href="../databags/">Data Bags</a>
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<li><a href="../flow/">Flow</a>
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<li><a href="../paths/">Paths</a>
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<li><a href="../system-fields/">System Fields</a>
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<li class="active"><a href="./">URLs and Slugs</a>
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<ul></ul>
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<li><a href="../../templates/">Templates</a>
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<li><a href="../../plugins/">Plugins</a>
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<li><a href="../../models/">Data Modelling</a>
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<li><a href="../../cli/">Command Line</a>
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<div class="visible-md-block visible-lg-block">
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<h4>This Page</h4>
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<ul class="toc">
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<li><a href="#a-url-is-composed-of-slugs">A URL Is Composed of Slugs</a></li>
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<li><a href="#slug-customization">Slug Customization</a><ul>
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<li><a href="#folder-name">Folder Name</a></li>
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<li><a href="#the-slug-system-field">The <code>_slug</code> System Field</a></li>
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<li><a href="#implied-slug-configuration">Implied Slug Configuration</a></li>
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</ul></li>
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<li><a href="#slugs-containing-slashes">Slugs Containing Slashes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#extensions-and-file-types">Extensions and File Types</a></li>
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<li><a href="#content-below-dotted-slugs">Content Below Dotted Slugs</a></li>
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<li><a href="#external-and-absolute-urls">External and Absolute URLs</a></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="col-sm-9 doc-styling">
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<h1>URLs and Slugs</h1>
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<ul class=page-meta>
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</ul>
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<p>Lektor's URLs in general mirror what happens on the file system as much as
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possible. There are however various cases in which this behavior can be
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changed.</p>
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<h2 id="a-url-is-composed-of-slugs">A URL Is Composed of Slugs</h2><p>Each page in Lektor is associated with a string called a <em>slug</em>. The full
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URL of a page is its own slug concatenated with the slug of each its parents.</p>
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<p>The default slug is the ID of the page. So the page
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<code>content/foo/bar/contents.lr</code> has the default slug <code>bar</code>, its parent has the
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default slug <code>foo</code>, and its default URL would be <code>/foo/bar/</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="slug-customization">Slug Customization</h2><p>Slugs can be customized. They can even contain slashes (see below). There are
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three systems that control what the slug looks like:</p>
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<h3 id="folder-name">Folder Name</h3><p>The name of the folder that contains the <code>contents.lr</code> file is the ID of the
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page and thus the default slug (unless changed by the model — more about that
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later). This means that you could for instance just rename the folder to
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get a different slug. This is the recommended way for the majority of pages
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to adjust the slug.</p>
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<h3 id="the-slug-system-field">The <code>_slug</code> System Field</h3><p>The second option is to use the <code>_slug</code> system field. This field is available
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for all models automatically and overrides the slug explicitly. This is
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particularly useful to force a slug that could not be represented on the file
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system (for instance because it should contain a slash) or because you want
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to change the slug for a different <a href="../alts/" class="ref">Alternative</a>. As
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an example a page translated to German might want to translate the slug as well.</p>
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<h3 id="implied-slug-configuration">Implied Slug Configuration</h3><p>The last part is a system that controls the implied slugs. In particular it
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means that the model of the parent page can override the default slug for all
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of the children below it. This for instance can be used to automatically add
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the date of a blog post into the slug. For more information about this
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feature see <a href="../../models/children/" class="ref">Children & Pagination</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="slugs-containing-slashes">Slugs Containing Slashes</h2><p>Slugs can indeed contain slashes. It's perfectly valid for a page to have
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<code>2015/5/demo</code> as slug, and it will still be incorporated into URLs as described
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above. What's not possible is for a page to pretend that it belongs to a
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different parent. The parent paths are always added to it. So once a page
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has a parent page <code>/foo</code> its URL path will always begin with the URL path of
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the page <code>foo</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="extensions-and-file-types">Extensions and File Types</h2><p>The default behavior for a page is to build into a hidden <code>index.html</code> file.
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This means that if you have a page called <code>foo/bar/contents.lr</code> it will
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build into a file named <code>foo/bar/index.html</code>. Web servers typically look for
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an <code>index.html</code> file in a folder which is why you can just access <code>/foo/bar/</code>
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and the page will render.</p>
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<p>If however the last path component contains a period (<code>.</code>) then the last path
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component is assumed to be a filename directly. This means that if you set
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the slug of a page to <code>404.html</code> for instance, the page will indeed render
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into <code>404.html</code> and not <code>404/index.html</code>.</p>
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<p>However you need to be careful with this as web servers pick the “mimetype”
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of a file based on the extension. So if you name a file <code>foo.html</code> it will
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behave very differently compared to a file named <code>foo.txt</code>. So do not name
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your files in ways that would be incompatible with what the web server
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renders. This however also allows you to generate files that are not
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HTML. For instance you could render into a <code>.xml</code> file if that is what
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you want.</p>
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<p>This feature is called “Dotted Slugs” and there are some specifics with
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regards to how these are handled.</p>
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<h2 id="content-below-dotted-slugs">Content Below Dotted Slugs</h2><p>One specific behavior of a path component that contains a dotted slug is that
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content below that path need to move to a different location. Imagine for
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instance you named the page <code>404.html</code> but that page has an attachment. As
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<code>404.html</code> is now a file it's impossible for a folder with the same name to
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exist. This means that the attachments have to be stored elsewhere. The
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convention for this in Lektor is to prefix the path with an underscore. So
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if <code>404.html</code> has an attachment named <code>foo.jpeg</code> it will move into
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<code>_404.html/foo.jpeg</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="external-and-absolute-urls">External and Absolute URLs</h2><p>Lektor by default will prefer relative URLs. This makes it possible to easily
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host a website below a certain folder without having to do anything special to
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make this work. However there are some features which will require the use of
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an absolute or fully canonical (external) URL. For instance sitemaps or Atom
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feeds do not work with relative URLs. In this case the absolute URL path has
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to be configured.</p>
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<p>You can pick the default for URL generation in the project configuration.
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For more information read about the <a href="../../project/file/#[project]" class="ref">Project Configuration</a>.</p>
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<p>The default of <code>relative</code>, a relative URL style, means that you can deploy a
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website to a sub folder without any configuration, however most likely custom
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404 pages will fail to find the needed assets. Fully canonical URLs are not
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recommended as default style.</p>
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<h2>Comments</h2>
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